DIsease Description
Chronic Pain is a very broad medical disorder comprised of many different pain syndromes and underlying reasons for the symptoms[1]. Pain is influenced by many different elements other than physical neural inputs including the brain, emotional and social factors. As a result acute pain differs from chronic pain and cancer related pain differs from non-malignant pain, making comparison between these different groups important when determining what treatment to use[2].
The International Association for the Study of Pain defines chronic pain as pain persisting beyond the normal tissue healing time (3 - 6 months) [3]. Chronic pain is associated with an abnormal neuron responsiveness or increased gain of nerve pathways to the brain, as well as with alterations in the brains interpretation of the signals[2].
In this group we are specifically referring to chronic pain that is not a result of cancer.
Disease Prevelance
The prevalence of non-specific chronic pain in the general population is reported to be as high as 55%[4,5].
Current Treatment Options
Chronic pain remains a very task for today's doctors due to a lack of effective treatments. Controversially opioids have been and continue to be regularly prescribed in chronic pain treatment. There are very serious concerns about their long-term effectiveness and the major issue of addiction [6]. Evidence suggests that in some patients long term opioid exposure may actually worsen a patients pain[2].
Evidence for and Proposed Mechanism of Action of Cannabinoid Therapeutics
In a study in Spain, the evidence that pain states alter the endocannabinoid receptor system at key sites involved in pain processing is discussed, and how the changes may inform the development of cannabinoid-based analgesics. According to this study, "cannabinoid ligands produce well documented analgesic effects mediated by the CB1 and CB2 receptors; however, other receptor systems may also contribute, in particular in inflammatory and neuropathic pain states. The emerging evidence that the levels of cannabinoid receptors, their ligands and biologically active metabolites are altered in a tissue-specific manner under pathological conditions, such as chronic pain states, may support a more targeted approach to the development of cannabinoid-based analgesics."[8]
There has been a lot of encouraging research surrounding the issue of cannabinoid treatments for chronic pain. Animal studies using either acute or chronic pain models have demonstrated significant pain relieving effects of Cannabinoids. However, the role of CBs in human analgesia or antihyperalgesia is less well documented [7].
In a systematic review by De Vries et a. it was stated that, "The introduction of CB (cannabinoid) medicines offers an interesting alternative approach in the area of chronic pain management, particularly for cases in which currently available pharmacological treatments are not sufficient. Scientific literature on clinical research regarding medicinal CBs lags far behind the extensive anecdotal experiences of both patients and their physicians. The majority of clinical trials in patients with chronic non-malignant pain summarized in this review reported improvement in pain scores in favor of products containing dronabinol."[2] 1. Beaulieu P, Ware M. Reassessment of the role of cannabinoids in the management of pain. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2007;20(5):473-7
2. de Vries et al. Dronabinol and chronic pain: importance of mechanistic considerations. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. (2014) 15(11):1525-1534
3. Merskey H, Bogduk N. Classification of chronic pain: descriptions of chronic pain syndromes and definitions of pain terms. 2013. International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), Task Force on Taxonomy, Seattle 1994
4. Andersson HI, Ejlertsson G, Leden I, Rosenberg C. Chronic pain in a geographically defined general population: studies of differences in age, gender, social class, and pain localization. Clin J Pain. 1993;9(3):174-82.
5. Elliott AM, Smith BH, Penny KI, Smith WC, Chambers WA. The epidemiology of chronic pain in the community. Lancet. 1999 Oct; 354(9186):1248-52.
6. Noble M, Tregear SJ, Treadwell JR, Schoelles K. Long-term opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety. J Pain Symptom Manage 2008;35(2):214-28
7. Karst M, Wippermann S, Ahrens J. Role of cannabinoids in the treatment of pain and (painful) spasticity. Drugs 2010;70(18):2409-38
8. Sagar, Devi Rani et al. “Dynamic Regulation of the Endocannabinoid System: Implications for Analgesia.” Molecular Pain 5 (2009): 59. PMC. Web. 20 Nov. 2014.
Recent GBXI News:
May 11, 2023, GBX International Group, Inc., (OTC: GBXI)
GBX International Group, Inc. (OTC:GBXI) Confirms 2023 Strong Revenue Growth Guidance Projections by Combining Each Acquired Operating Company Product Release, Expects Strong Growth Sector by Sector Through its Multiple Product Releases into North American and International Markets
April 21, 2023, GBX International Group, Inc., (OTC: GBXI)
HARVARD Award Winning Entrepreneur, Mr. Raymond C. Dabney Acquires Majority Shareholder Control of GBX International Group, Inc. (OTC: GBXI) Makes More History Bringing CSi-EDP Partner American States University (ASU) as the First Acquisition for its Aggressive Growth Plans
The ASU Digital Business HUB will be used as the main business student learning center. GBXI will be the main pivot point to spin out trading shares of all our Partner Public and Private Companies such as Cannabis Science, iCannabinoid, Thermic Science, LNC, LMG, and a few more old and new school surprises for our loyal shareholders. No one will be missed! A true Digital Business HUB for students, just as planned all along.
Each spinout company will give our GBXI registered shareholders additional pro-rata shares in each spinout company over and above their original shares in each entity. This provides the required shareholder base for each company required to trade and gives additional shares to all our loyal GBXI shareholders.
We call this “Compounding our Wealth” through extra spinout share participation for all our loyal GBXI shareholders. Each registered GBXI shareholder will receive additional shares of each spinout Company over and above their original shares to enjoy additional liquidity as each company begins to trade through the GBXI Digital Business HUB spinout process.
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I hope everyone is doing well. Raymond, Francis Cormier wrote a very detailed, informative summery over a month ago. I do not believe his 4 ever...I hope everyone is doing well. Raymond, Francis Cormier wrote a very detailed, informative summery over a month ago. I do not believe his 4 ever important questions have been answered.
(1) Who's working on updating documentation? What's the % complete?
(2) Who owns and/or controls the CBIS Intellectual Property?
(3) is there another entity out there using the same name as Cannabis Science?
(4) WHERE IS BRINGING CBIS BACK PUBLIC AGAIN ON YOUR LIST OF PRIORITIES?
Can you please elaborate on these for us.
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Hi Raymond,
Per the 3rd party Cancer Drug Valuation(s) Full Report linked from this website:
On November 8, 2023; Capizate, Inc. (a 3rd party entity)...Hi Raymond,
Per the 3rd party Cancer Drug Valuation(s) Full Report linked from this website:
On November 8, 2023; Capizate, Inc. (a 3rd party entity) reported a "Situation Analysis of GBXi" that it performed at GBXI's request; based upon 25 documents provided by GBXI; mostly pertaining to Cannabis Science, Inc. This report included listing: (a) Strengths, (b) Areas for Improvement, (c) CBIS Cancer Drug Valuation(s) [1 specifically], (d) as well as several additional items that supported it giving GBXI a Capitize Score = 623 out of a possible 1000. Getting the potential CBIS Drug Valuation(s) for just 1 drug @ 25Mil-29Mil is/was impressive; however the "Areas for Improvement" are significant:
Areas for improvement
---------------------
1. The business documents, agreements, term sheets, engagements are all dated in 2017-2018 and need to be updated.
2. Ownership and control of the intellectual property needs to be defined and confirmed.
3. A similar entity has active registration with California Secretary of State. The Company has a different address than on the Company website and also had a Statement of Info due to the California Secretary of State on 05/10/2023. Registered with the California Secretary of State as a Non-Profit Nonprofit Corporation - CA - Mutual Benefit. This will need to be defined.
Can you please let us know about the progress that has been made toward resolving these issues?? Even if you could reveal an estimated % complete for each line item that would be nice to see.
The report from November 8, 2023 says: "Your current phase in our process is phase three (Situation Analysis), four (Due Diligence Score), and five (Business Finance Documents – Specifically the analysis) the potential valuation" - out of a 7 phase process; (6) Capital Markets and (7) Post Capitalization. Even if you choose not to continue to use Capitize, Inc. any longer; these "Areas of Improvement" listed MUST BE addressed in order to bring CBIS back Trading again.
Thank you in advance of your response and Best Regards,
...Francis G. Cormier III
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Cannabis Science CEO, Presents …
The FINAL “CBIS GIFT Shares” Issuances!
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Cannabis Science Inc.
Share Structure 2023
Par Value: $0.001 USD
Last Price: $0.00647 USD
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Authorized:
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